In recent years, Indian Railways has undertaken several significant initiatives to modernise trains, stations, and related infrastructure. However, there remains a persistent issue affecting passengers during train travel ? the presence of unpleasant odours and uncleanliness in the toilets. Indian Railways is considering the adoption of technology to address this problem. Passengers have frequently lodged complaints about this issue. According to the report, the Railways Board has proposed the exploration of IoT-based technology as a potential solution. This technology aims to detect foul odours using sensors. Additionally, Mumbai-based startup Viliso Technologies has been chosen to participate in the project. The project is currently in the testing phase and will initially be implemented in specific train coaches. The functioning of the technology involves the use of smart systems equipped with sensors designed to detect foul odours within the toilets. These sensors are capable of identifying volatile compounds and molecules present in the air. Subsequently, the gathered data is transmitted to a central hub for analysis. The hub then interprets the information and can initiate automated responses as needed. For example, it may notify sanitation crews of foul odours and prompt them to conduct cleaning. This real-time monitoring enables swift intervention and enhances odour management. Viliso Technologies, as stated on their website, offers several IoT-based products geared towards improving sanitation. One such product is Gandhvedh, an electronic device that monitors odours, Total Volatile Organic Compound (TVOC) levels, temperature, and humidity. According to the product description on the official website, this device is installed in toilets requiring odour monitoring. The company explains that the device transmits odour data to mobile and web applications used by caretakers or monitoring authorities responsible for toilet sanitation. It remains uncertain whether Gandhvedh or a similar product will be employed by Indian Railways in the toilets of trains and stations.